301. Quirce R, Serano J, Arnal C, et al. Detection of mediastinitis after heart transplantation by gallium-67 scintigraphy. J Nucl Med 1991; 32: 860-861.
302. Van Riet J, Hill EE, Gheysens O, et al. (18)F-FDG PET/CT for early detection of embolism and metastatic infection in patients with infective
endocarditis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 37: 1189-1197.
303. Lock JE. The adult with congenital heart disease: cardiac catheterization as a therapeutic intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 330-331.
304. Moodie DS. Diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease in the adult. Cardiol Rev. 2001; 9: 276-281.
305. Hornung TS, Benson LN, McLaughlin PR. Catheter interventions in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2002; 4: 54-62.
306. Chessa M, Carrozza M, Butera G, et al. The impact of interventional cardiology for the management of adults with congenital heart defects. Catheter
Cardiovasc Interv 2006; 67: 258-264.
307. McLaughlin P, Benson L, Horlick E. The role of cardiac catheterization in adult congenital heart disease. Cardiol Clin 2006; 24: 531-556.
308. Gali è N, Hoeper MM, Humbert M, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Task Force for Diagnos i s and
Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of European Society of Cardiology (ESC); European Respiratory Society (ERS); International Society of
Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur Respir J 2009; 34: 1219-1263.
309. Rutledge J, Bush A, Shekerdemian L, et al. Validity of the LaFarge equation for estimation of oxygen consumption in ventilated children with
congenital heart disease younger than 3 years--a revisit. Am Heart J 2010; 160: 109-114.
310. Berger RM. Possibilities and impossibilities in the evaluation of pulmonary vascular disease in congenital heart defects.Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 17-27.
311. Risk prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy. McCullough PA, Adam A, Becker CR, Davidson C, Lameire N, Stacul F, Tumlin J; CIN Consensus
Working Panel. Am J Cardiol 2006; 98: 27K-36K.
312. Abe M, Kimura T, Morimoto T, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization in Japanese patients.
Circ J 2009; 73: 1518-1522.
313. Dittrich S, Kurschat K, Dähnert I, et al. Cyanotic nephropathy and use of non-ionic contrast agents during cardiac catherization in patients with
cyanotic congenital heart disease. Cardiol Young 2000; 10: 8-14.
314. Stacul F, Adam A, Becker CR, et al., CIN Consensus Working Panel. Strategies to reduce the risk of contrastinduced nephropathy.Am J Cardiol
2006; 98: 59K-77K.
315. Spargias K, Adreanides E, Demerouti E, et al. Iloprost prevents contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with renal dys funct ion undergoing coronary
angiography or intervention. Circulation 2009; 120: 1793-1799.
316. Motohiro M, Kamihata H, Tsujimoto S, et al. A new protocol using sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients
undergoing coronary angiography. Am J Cardiol 2011; 107: 1604-1608.
317. Cigarroa RG, Lange RA, Williams RH, et al. Dosing of contrast material to prevent contrast nephropathy in patients with renal disease. Am J Med
1989; 86: 649-652.
318. 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン.循環器診療における放射線被ばくに関するガイドライン.Circ J 2006;70,Suppl.Ⅳ:1247-1299.
319. Damilakis J, Theocharopoulos N, Perisinakis K, et al. Conceptus radiation dose and risk from cardiac catheter ablation procedures. Circulation 2001;
104: 893-897.
320. Garekar S, Paules MM, Reddy SV, et al. Is it safe to perform cardiac catheterizations on adults with congenital heart disease in a pediatric
catheterization laboratory? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005; 66: 414-419.
321. Marelli A, Beauchesne L, Mital S, et al. Canadian Cardiovascular Society 2009 Consensus Conference on the management of adults with congenital
heart disease: introduction. Can J Cardiol 2010; 26: e65-69.
322. Crumb SR, Cook SC, Cheatham JP, et al. Quality outcomes of ACHD patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures and hospital admissions in a
free-standing children’s hospital. Int J Cardiol 2011; 146: 326-329.
323. Stayer SA, Andropoulos DB, Russell IA. Anesthetic management of the adult patient with congenital heart disease. Anesthesiol Clin North Am 2003;
21: 653-673.
324. Braithwaite S, Kluin J, Buhre WF, et al. Anaesthesia in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2010; 23: 507-512.
325. Chue CD, Hudsmith LE, Stumper O, et al. Femoral vascular access complications in adult congenital heart disease patients: aud it from a single
tertiary center.Congenit Heart Dis 2008; 3: 336-340.
326. Ates M, Sahin S, Konuralp C, et al. Evaluation of risk factors associated with femoral pseudoaneurysms after cardiac catheterization. J Vasc Surg
2006; 43: 520-524.
327. Mori Y, Nakazawa M, Yagihara T. Complications of pediatric cardiac catheterization and system of catheterization laboratories minimizing
complications-A Japanese multicenter survey. J Cardiol 2010; 56: 183-188.
328. Bergersen L, Marshall A, Gauvreau K, et al. Adverse event rates in congenital cardiac catheterization - a multi-center experience. Catheter Cardiovasc
Interv 2010; 75: 389-400.
329. Kussmaul WG 3rd, Bowers B, Dairywala I. Method for coronary angiography in morbidly obese patients.Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005; 65: 268-270.
330. Kent KC, Moscucci M, Mansour KA, et al. Retroperitoneal hematoma after cardiac catheterization: prevalence, risk factors, and optimal management.
J Vasc Surg 1994; 20: 905-10, discussion 910-913.
331. Liu XY, Wong V, Leung M. Neurologic complications due to catheterization.Pediatr Neurol 2001; 24: 270-275.
332. Hoffmann A, Engelfriet P, Mulder B. Radiation exposure during follow-up of adults with congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2007; 118: 151-153.
333. Bolger AP, Gatzoulis MA. Towards defining heart failure in adults with congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2004; 97: 15-23.
334. Shore DF, Prapa M. Late repair and reoperations in adults with congenital heart disease. Diagnosis and Management of Adult Congenital Heart
Diease, 2nd ed. (Gatzoulis MA, Webb GD, Daubeney PEF eds). Elsevier 2011: 86-90.
335. Cheung YF, Wong SJ. Central and peripheral arterial stiffness in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot: implication for aortic root dilatation.
Heart 2006; 92: 1827-1830.
336. Senzaki H, Iwamoto Y, I shido H, et al . Arterial haemodynamics in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: influence on left ventricular after load and
aortic dilatation. Heart 2008; 94: 70-74.
337. Redington AN. Right ventricular function. Advances in Adult Congenital Heart Disease. Cardiology Clinics. Webb GD ed. WB Saunders Co 2002: 341-
349.
338. Hopkins WE, Chen Z, Fukagawa NK, et al. Increased atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease: enhanced
understanding of the relationship between hypoxia and natriuretic peptide secretion. Circulation. 2004; 109: 2872-2877.
339. Muhll I, Liu P, Webb G. Applying standard therapies to new targets: the use of ACE inhibitors and B-Blockers for heart failure in adults with congenital
heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2004; 97 (supple I): 25-33.
340. Lipinski MJ, Vetrovec GW, Froelicher VF, et al. Importance of the first two minutes of heart rate recovery after exercise treadmill testing in predicting
mortality and the presence of coronary artery disease in men. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93: 445-449.
341. Ohuchi H, Ohashi H, Jiksoo P, et al. Abnormal postexercise cardiovascular recovery and its determinants in patients after right ventricular outflow
reconstruction. Circulation 2002; 106: 2819-2826.
342. Davos CH, Davlouros PA, Wensel R, et al. Global impairement of cardiac autonomic nervous activity late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation
2002; 106 (suppl 1): I-69-75.
343. Davos CH, Francis DP, Leenarts MF, et al. Global impairment of cardiac autonomic nervous activity late after the Fontan operation. Circulation 2003;
108 (supple I): II-180-185.
344. Ohuchi H, Hasegawa S, Yasuda K, et al. Severely impaired cardiac autonomic nervous activity after the Fontan operation. Circulation 2001; 104: 1513-
1518.
345. Ohuchi H, Takasugi H, Ohashi H, et al. Abnormalities of neurohormonal and cardiac autonomic nervous activities relate poorly to functional status in
Fontan patients. Circulation 2004; 110: 2601-2608.
346. Ohuchi H, Suzuki H, Toyohara K, et al. Abnormal cardiac autonomic nervous activity after right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction. Circulation
2000; 102: 2732-2738.
347. Inai K, Saita Y, Takeda S, et al. Skeletal muscle hemodynamics and endothelial function in patients after Fontan operation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93:
792-797.
348. Sharma R, Bolger AP, Li W, et al. Elevated circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and bacterial endotoxin in adults with congenital heart disease.
Am J Cardiol 2003; 92: 188-193.
349. Lequuer LL, Nikaidoh H, Leonard SR, et al. Preoperative and post operative endotoxiemia in children with congenital heart disease. Chest 2000; 117:
1706-1712.
350. Friedberg MK, Rosenthal DN. New developments in echocardiographic method to assess right ventricular function in congenital heart disease. Curr Op
Cardiol 2005; 20: 84-88.
351. Hechter SJ, Fredriksen PM, Liu P, et al. Angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors in adults after the Mustard procedure. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87: 660-
663.
352. Lester SJ, McElhinney DB, Viloria E, et al. Effects of losartan in patients with a systemically functioning morphologic right ventricle after atrial repair of
transposition of the great arteries. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88: 1314.
353. Therrien J, Provost Y, Harrison J, et al. Effect of angiotensin receptor blockade on systemic right ventricular function and size: a small, randomized,
placebo-controlled study. Int J Cardiol 2008; 129: 187-192.
354. Shaddy RE, Boucek MM, Hsu DT, et al. Carvedilol for children and adolescents with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2007; 298:
1171-
1179.
355. Hsu DT, Mital S, Ravishankar C. Rationale and design of a trial of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in infants with single ventricle. Am Heart J
2009; 157: 37-45.
356. Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, et al. Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized
trial. Circulation 2010; 122: 333-340.
357. Dore A, Houde C, Chan KL, et al. Angiotensin receptor blockade and exercise capacity in adults with systemic right ventricles. a multicenter,
randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Circulation 2005; 112: 2411-2416.
358. Babu-Narayan SV, Uebing A, Davlouros PA, et al. Randomised trial of ramipril in repaired tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary regurgitation The
APPROPRIATE study (Ace inhibitors for Potential PRevention Of the deleterious effects of Pulmonary Regurgitation In Adults with repaired TEtralogy
of Fallot). Int J Cardiol 2010 Oct 20 [Epub ahead of print].
359. Uebing A, Gibson DG, Babu-Narayan SV, et al. Right ventricular mechanics and QRS duration in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: implications
of infundibular disease. Circulation 2007; 116: 1532-1539.
360. Uebing A, Diller GP, Li W, et al. Optimised rate-responsive pacing does not improve ei ther r ight vent r icular haemodynamics or exercise capacity in
adults with a systemic right ventricle. Cardiol Young 2010; 20: 485-494.
361. Di l ler GP, Okonko D, Uebing A, et al . Cardiac resynchronization therapy for adult congenital heart disease patients with a systemic right ventricle:
analysis of feasibility and review of early experience. Europace 2006; 8: 267-272.
362. Dubin AM, Janousek J, Rhee E, et al. Resynchronization therapy in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients: an international multicenter study.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 2277-2283.
363. 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン.不整脈薬物治療に関するガイドライン(2009年改訂版).
http://www.j-circ.or.jp/guideline/pdf/JCS2009 _kodama_h.pdf (2009年8月閲覧).
364. Dunn MI. Thrombolism with atrial flutter. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82: 638.
365. Seidl K, Hauer B, Schwick NG, et al . Risk of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial flutter. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82: 580-583.
366. Sanders P, Morton JB, Morgan JG, et al. Reversal of atrial mechanical stunning after cardioversion of atrial arrhythmias: implications for the
mechanisms of tachycardia-mediated atrial cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2002; 106: 1806-1813.
367. Lip GY, Kamath S. Thromboprophylaxis for atrial flutter. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 984-987.
368. Balaji S, Johnson TB, Sade RM, et al. Management of atrial flutter after the Fontan procedure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994; 23: 1209-1215.
369. Beaufort-Krol GC, Bink-Boelkens MT. Effectiveness of sotalol for atrial flutter in children after surgery for congenital heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1997;
79: 92-94.
370. Pfammatter JP, Paul T, Lehmann C, et al. Efficacy and proarrhythmia of oral sotalol in pediatric patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 1002-1007.
371. Beaufort-Krol GC, Bink-Boelkens MT. Sotalol for atrial tachycardias after surgery for congenital heart disease. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1997; 20 (8
Pt 2): 2125-2129.
372. Garson A Jr, Gillette PC, McVey P, et al. Amiodarone treatment of critical arrhythmias in children and young adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 1984; 4: 749-
755.
373. Thorne SA, Barnes I, Cullinan P, et al. Amiodaroneassociated thyroid dysfunction: risk factors in adults with congenital heart disease. Circulation
1999; 100: 149-154.
374. Fish FA, Gillette PC, Benson DW Jr. Proarrhythmia, cardiac arrest and death in young patients receiving encainide and flecainide. The Pediatric
Electrophysiology Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 356-365.
375. Seipelt RG, Franke A, Vazquez-Jimenez JF, et al. Thromboembolic complications after Fontan procedures: comparison of different therapeutic
approaches. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 74: 556-562.
376. Rhodes LA, Walsh EP, Gamble WJ, et al. Benefits and potential risks of atrial antitachycardia pacing after repair of congenital heart disease. Pacing
Clin Electrophysiol 1995; 18 (5 Pt 1): 1005-1016.
377. Akar JG, Kok LC, Haines DE, et al. Coexistence of type I atrial flutter and intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia in patients with surgically corrected
congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38: 377-384.
378. Shah D, Jais P, Takahashi A, et al. Dual-loop intra-atrial reentry in humans. Circulation 2000; 101: 631-639.
379. Paul T, Windhagen-Mahnert B, Kriebel T, et al. Atrial reentrant tachycardia after surgery for congenital heart disease: endocardial mapping and
radiofrequency catheter ablation using a novel, noncontact mapping system. Circulation 2001; 103: 2266-2271.
380. Betts TR, Roberts PR, Allen SA, et al. Electrophysiological mapping and ablation of intra-atrial reentry tachycardia after Fontan surgery with the use of
a noncontact mapping system. Circulation 2000; 102: 419-425.
381. Dorostkar PC, Cheng J, Scheinman MM. Electroanatomical mapping and ablation of the substrate supporting intraatrial reentrant tachycardia after
palliation for complex congenital heart disease. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1998; 21: 1810-1819.
382. Love BA, Collins KK, Walsh EP, et al. Electroanatomic characterization of conduction barriers insinus/atrially paced rhythm and association with intra-
atrial reentrant tachycardia circuits following congenital heart disease surgery. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12: 17-25.
383. Delacretaz E, Ganz LI, Soejima K, et al. Multi atrial macore-entry circuits in adults with repaired congenital heart disease : entrainment mapping
combined with threedimensional electroanatomic mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37: 1665-1676.
384. Van Hare GF, Lesh MD, Ross BA, et al. Mapping and radiofrequency ablation of intraatrial reentrant tachycardia after the Senning or Mustard
procedure for transposition of the great arteries. Am J Cardiol 1996; 77: 985-991.
385. Mandapati R, Walsh EP, Triedman JK. Pericaval and periannular intra-atrial reentrant tachycardias in patients with congenital heart disease. J
Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2003; 14: 119-125.
386. Duru F, Hindricks G, Kottkamp H. Atypical left atrial flutter after intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation: successful ablation
using three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12: 602-605.
387. Collins KK, Love BA, Walsh EP, et al. Location of acutely successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of intraatrial reentrant tachycardia in patients
with congenital heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2000; 86: 969-974.
388. Baker BM, Lindsay BD, Bromberg BI, et al. Catheter ablation of clinical intraatrial reentrant tachycardias resulting from previous atrial surgery:
localizing and transecting the critical isthmus. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28: 411-417.
389. van Hare GF. Radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways associated with congenital heart disease. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1997; 20 (8 Pt 2):
2077-2081.
390. Chan DP, Van Hare GF, Mackall JA, et al. Importance of atrial flutter isthmus in postoperative intraatrial reentrant tachycardia. Circulation 2000; 102:
1283-1289.
391. Triedman JK, Bergau DM, Saul JP, et al. Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for control of intraatrial reentrant tachycardia in patients with congenital
heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30: 1032-1038.
392. Triedman JK, Alexander ME, Love BA, et al. Influence of patient factors and ablative technologies on outcomes of radiofrequency ablation of intra-atrial
re-entrant tachycardia in patients with congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 1827-1835.
393. Jais P, Shah DC, Haissaguerre M, et al. Prospective randomized comparison of irrigated-tip versus conventionaltip catheters for ablation of common
flutter. Circulation 2000; 101: 772-776.
394. Calkins H, Epstein A, Packer D, et al. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with structural heart disease using cooled radiofrequency
energy: results of a prospective multicenter study. Cooled RF Multi Center Investigators Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 1905-1914.
395. Deal BJ, Mavroudis C, Backer CL, et al. Comparison of anatomic isthmus block with the modified right atrial maze procedure for late atrial tachycardia
in Fontan patients. Circulation 2002; 106: 575-579.
396. Mavroudi s C, Backer CL, Deal BJ , et al . Total cavopulmonary conversion and maze procedure for patients with failure of the Fontan operation.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 122: 863-871.
397. Silka MJ, Manwill JR, Kron J, et al. Bradycardia-mediated tachyarrhythmias in congenital heart disease and responses to chronic pacing at
physiologic rates. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 488-493.
398. Lillehei CW, Sellers RD, Bonnabeau RC, et al. Chronic postsurgical complete heart block with particular reference to prognosis, management, and a
new P-wave pacemaker. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1963; 46: 436-456.
399. Weindling SN, Saul JP, Gamble WJ, et al. Duration of complete atrioventricular block after congenital heart disease surgery. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82:
525-527.
400. Liberman L, Pass RH, Hordof AJ, et al. Late onset of heart block after open heart surgery for congenital heart disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2008; 29: 56-59.